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| Sectors Covered |
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Power Generation |
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Energy Efficiency |
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Methane Recovery |
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Cogeneration |
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Nitrous Oxide Abatement |
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Carbon Sequestration |
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Forestry and Land Use Change |
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Waste to Energy |
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Special Gases |
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Transport Projects |
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| Power Generation |
| Conventional Power Projects |
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Replacement of coal or oil fired power generation by a combined cycle gas based power plant |
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Conversion from open cycle to combined cycle power plant |
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Renewable Power Projects |
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Biomass based (agriculture residue such as rice husk) power generation, and replacement of electrical power being imported from national electricity grid, and dispatch of surplus power supply to the grid. |
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Increasing efficiency in the bagasse (a renewable fuel source, residue from sugarcane processing) cogeneration facility avoiding that fossil-fuelled thermal plants dispatch the same amount of energy to that grid. |
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Generation of Wind Power |
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Generation of renewable electricity using Hydroelectric Resources |
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Grid-connected electricity generation from renewable sources |
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| Energy Efficiency |
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| Methane Recovery |
In landfills, Methane (CH4) is generated by the anaerobic decomposition of waste in land mines. In coal mines, it is generated as a by-product of the coal mining process. If untreated, the emitted methane contributes severely to global climate change. Since methane is a powerful greenhouse gas, its collection and combustion can lead to the creation of 'carbon credits'.
Owners or operators of sites that produce methane (landfills, sewer gas, coal mines, and associated gases from petroleum and natural gas production) have the potential liability to treat this gas emission. Carbon Services ensures that this environmental responsibility is taken care, and turns it into a profitable financial project. We can help design and implement efficient methane extraction systems, emission control devices, thermal destruction systems, and energy recovery technologies for our clients, that lead to CDM emission credits.
Some of the various options, other than gas flaring, available for making productive use of methane gas include electricity generation, which can be fed to the national grid or to private customers. Methane can also be used for in vehicles after scrubbing, purification, and compression. Alternative use of the gas can be explored including in boilers or as a replacement for fuels used in certain industries. |
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| Cogeneration |
By increasing the overall efficiency of fuel conversion to electricity and heat used by process industries, cogeneration plants lead to a reduction in the primary energy consumption of a plant, lower emissions to the atmosphere, and reduce the production costs of the plant.
Cogeneration systems based on biomass (rice-husk or other agricultural residue) that replace oil fired boilers for process steam and internal power generation, or partial feeding to the national grid, qualify as CDM projects. Industrial fuel switching, i.e. substitution of carbon-rich fuels by lower-carbon energy sources: coal by oil, oil by gas, and gas by biomass, are good examples of cogeneration projects.
Carbon Services provides industries such as paper, sugar, chemical processing industries, metallurgy and oil refining with cogeneration CDM project development services. We evaluate the minimum energy requirements of a facility, identify potential cost and savings that can result from additional technology and machinery, and conduct the financial and technical feasibility of the project to derive the benefits from lower energy costs, as well as the CDM revenue stream. |
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| Nitrous Oxide Abatement |
Nitrous Oxide is a byproduct from the production of nitric acid, which has a global warming potential of 310, compared with 1 for carbon dioxide. Carbon Services and its international partners are developing nitrous oxide reduction projects, utilizing cutting edge catalyst technology, which converts nitrous oxide into its constituents (nitrogen and oxygen). The Fertilizer industry classifies as an ideal Nitrous Oxide CDM Project. |
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| Carbon Sequestration |
Activities in this sector can provide a relatively cost-effective way of combating climate change, either by increasing removals by sinks of greenhouse gases from the atmosphere (e.g. by planting trees or managing forests), or by reducing emissions (e.g. by curbing deforestation). |
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| Forestry and Land Use Change |
| The development of policy on SINKS cover emissions and removals of greenhouse gases resulting from land use, land-use change and forestry. Carbon Services participates in projects that increasing removal of GHG from the atmosphere, by planting trees or managing forests, or by reducing emissions , i.e. by curbing deforestation. |
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| Waste to Energy |
| Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW) are currently dumped in the open, in an unmanaged manner. Projects that utilize this waste for energy generation, thereby replacing and reducing the amount of fossil fuels used in Pakistan's thermal power plants, can qualify for CDM projects. |
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| Special Gases |
Carbon Services helps clients in the avoidance of N2O, PFC, HFC, and SF6, and the subsequent creation of CDM projects, monitoring of these projects, and the trading of CERs resulting from their implementation. |
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| Transport Projects |
| Implementation of cleaner engine technologies, traffic flow controls, and mass transit substitution for private transport |
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